大地测量与地球动力学
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Current Issue
2007 Vol.27 Issue.4
Published 2008-01-26
院士论坛
1
GPS GRAVITYPOTENTIAL LEVELING
Wei Ziqing
In this paper a approach to determining heights above sealevel ——GPS gravity-potential leveling is proposed. Its principle, algorithm and error sources are addressed, and the results of experiments with this approach using GPS leveling data and geopotential model EIGENCG03 are presented. It is shown that the accuracy of height above sealevel has been attainable at 0.5 m level and that the accuracy of height difference above sealevel has been achievable to be better than 10 cm over a distance up to several tens of kilometers. The geopotential model error is proofed to be the major error source of the height determination; the error in geodetic height differences measured by GPS is the limitation to the accuracy of the height difference above sealevel over a short distance. The gravity-potential leveling is expected to be helpful to the height modernization.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 1-7 [
Abstract
] (
1897
)
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(440 KB) (
3482
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地壳形变研究
8
ON STRAIN ACCUMULATION OF RECENT CRUST MOVEMENT IN SICHUANYUNNAN AREA
Zhang Xi ;Zhang Sixin ;Wang Shuangxu ;Zhang Xiaoliang ;Lu Mingyong ;and Wang Wenping
By use of the regional leveling and GPS observations in SichuanYunnan area during 1994-2006,
aided by the negative dislocation model for the elastic block boundaries, combining with the
total characteristics of deformation crossfault, the recent status and intensity of strain accumulation of tectonic blocks and their boundary faults in SichuanYunnan area are studied. The results show that recent status of tectonic stress in SichuanYunnan area manifes itself in energy accumulation mainly.The strain energy accumulation appears obviously in
the Anninghe fault and the regions where it meets Zemuhe fault and Xianshuihe fault, the Yanyuan-Lijiang block and its margins,
it may be the medium and shortterm precursors of some coming earthquakes.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 8-15 [
Abstract
] (
2052
)
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(2851 KB) (
3214
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16
INVESTIGATION ON URBAN GROUND DEFORMATION DETECTION THROUGH THREE PASS DIFFERENTIAL INTERFEROMETRY
Luo Xiaojun;Liu Guoxiang;and Huang Dingfa
Using the C-band ERS-1/2 images of Shanghai，which were collected in 1996 and 1998 respectively,the three pass differential interferometry is carried out.The deformation for about two years at Lujiazui region of Shanghai is detected and the effects on DInSAR are also analyzed. The experiment shows that the urban deformation can be effectively detected by differential interferometry,but
the effective methods will needed to eliminate or decrease the effect of atmospheric delay
because urban constructions will result in decorrelation and atmospheric delay mainly affects the surveying accuracy.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 16-20 [
Abstract
] (
1939
)
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(2681 KB) (
3261
)
21
ON HORIZONTAL CRUST MOVEMENT IN NORTHEASTERN MARGIN OF QINGHAI-TIBET BLOCK WITH 2D FEM
Jiang Fengyun;Wang Shuangxu;Zhang Xi;Zhang Xiaoliang;Xue Fuping;Zheng Shengbao;and Wang Jiying
By transforming the reference frame of the velocity field of horizontal movement observed by GPS during 1999-2001 and 2001-2004 in the northeastern margin of QinghaiTibet block and then deducting the holistic movement of the region from it,
the result out velocity field reflecting relative movement in the region is gotten.
On the basis of this velocity field and the optimization theory, the segmented displacement of the boundary of the studied area are deduced
with twodimensional finite element model of linear elasticity. Taking the results as boundary constraint and the velocity field of horizontal movement after transforming reference frame as the load of FEM node, the velocity field of horizontal movement in the region is simulated, the principal strain rate field and maximal shear strain rate field are calculated, the variety characteristics of the two rate fields and relation between the variety characteristics and strong earthquake preparation are analyzed.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 21-30 [
Abstract
] (
1829
)
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(6015 KB) (
3452
)
31
IMPROVEMENT OF SOLUTION MODEL OF GRAVITY ANOMALIES’ MATCHING AIDED NAVIGATION
Dai Quanfa;;Xu Daxin ;Cai Xiaobo;and Wang Yong
At present, gravity matching is one of the best options in underwater inertial aided navigation. Gravity anomalies’ matching is the most important navigation estimation method in it. Because of the correlation between the true position and the normal gravity, simplex matching of gravity anomaly can not be realized in practice. The gravity anomalies’ matching model is designed with the condition of normal gravity. The results from comparing simulation tests show that modified matching model can improve the effect of gravity anomalies’ matching in the area with flat anomalies change.\
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 31-34 [
Abstract
] (
2749
)
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(1501 KB) (
3980
)
35
MONTHLY WATER DISTRIBUTION IN CHINA AND ITS ADJACENTAREA FROM TIMEVARIABLE GRAVITY FIELD OF GRACE
Xing Lelin;Li Hui;Liu Dongzhi;and Zhou Xin;
On the basis of the timevariable gravity field data of GRACE, the monthly variation of
the stock fluctuation of the water in China and its surrounding area is inversed between January and November in 2005.
The results show that the stock fluctuation of the water can be monitored, with the accuracy of several centimeters of equivalent water height. It is proved that the timely variable gravity field of GRACE could provide credibility evidence for the study of global hydrological cycle and the climate alteration.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 35-37 [
Abstract
] (
1906
)
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(835 KB) (
3538
)
38
COMPUTATION OF NORMAL MODES OF TOROIDAL OSCILLATION
Yang Zhao ;Sun Heping ;and Lei Xiang’e
By using forthorder RungeKutta methods, transverse displacements and the eigenperiods larger than 200 s of toroidal oscillation are calculated for PREM(Preliminary Reference Earth Model).
The features of transverse displacements are analyzed to determine the effect of density and rigidity to eigenperiods at different layers. The results compared with that from Dziewonsi and Anderson show that the relative errors between calculated periods and observed periods are less than 0.25%,and the highorder fundamental modes are mostly affected by the distribution of density and rigidity of upper mantle, the overtones which the number is more than 20 are affected mostly by lower mantle.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 38-43 [
Abstract
] (
2695
)
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3080
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44
ABSOLUTE GRAVITY MEASUREMENT AT JIUFENG DYNAMIC GEODESY CENTRAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Zhang Weimin;and Wang Yong
The sixtyeight repeat observations have been done at Jiufeng dynamic geodesy center experiment station using FG5112 absolute gravimeter in the recent ten years. The standard deviation for each time is less than 2×10
-8
ms
-2
,
and the results show that the environment noise of Jiufeng station is very little and the geologic condition is stable. By the processing and analysis of the observed data, it shows that the increasing rate of gravity at Jiufeng station is about 1×10
-8
ms
-2
/a, which corresponds to the vertical displacement rate -0.38 cm/a. Moreover, the influences of groundwater level variation and the like on the result should not be ignored.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 44-46 [
Abstract
] (
1820
)
PDF
(530 KB) (
3199
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理论方法研究
47
WAVELET NEURAL NETWORK PREDICTION METHOD OF DEFORMATION MONITORING DATA
Pan Guorong;and Gu Chuan
In order to improve the precision and reliability of prediction of deformation monitoring data,
the wavelet neural network which combines wavelet analysis and artificial neural network is used in deformation monitoring data processing.
The prediction result with this method is compared with that by use of other prediction methods, and it is concluded that through the wavelet neural network better prediction result can be obtained.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 47-50 [
Abstract
] (
1807
)
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(664 KB) (
4347
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51
STATISTIC ANALYSIS ON GPS BASELINE ESTIMATED BY RAPID ALGORITHM
Wang Aisheng;Ou Jikun ;Yang Rengui ;and Zhan Jiamin
The rapid GPS baseline determination principle based improved TIKHONON regularization method using GPS single epoch observations is discussed, a baseline data was observed at same session in adjacent two days is computed using two kinds algorithm, single epoch algorithm and static algorithm. The static result is recognized as most probability value, the differences between single epoch value and most probability value are calculated, which created time series of baseline vector offsets, whose distribution is tested, whose crosscorrelation and autocorrelation are determined using the time series analyses software Eviews. The conclusions are derived that 1) Offsets are distributed normally, whose means are smaller than 1mm, which suggest that no notable system error existed, or system error is balanced in time series; 2)The standard deviation is smaller than ±5 mm, which suggest that single epoch result precision is good; 3)The crosscorrelations of X offsets series and Y offsets series are obvious,namely those repeatability is good, which suggest there is multipath error in X or Y offset series; 4) The crosscorrelation of Z offsets series is unconspicuous ,which suggest that the effect of multipath on Z offset is small.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 51-56 [
Abstract
] (
2555
)
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(1336 KB) (
3411
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57
KINEMATIC PRECISE ORBIT DETERMINATION OF LOW EARTH ORBITER BASED ON EPOCHDIFFERENCE STRATEGY
Chen Junping;and Wang Jiexian;
On the basis of the theory of Precise Point Positioning (PPP), a kinematic algorithm ——POD(Precise Orbiter Determination) based on an epochwise processing of the code observations combined with an epoch-differece processing of the phase observations is introduced.
The method allows recovering the trajectory of the LEO without making use of any a priori dynamic perturbation, e.g., gravity field information and air drag, it may be very useful for gravity field recovery.
Experiments with CHAMP and GRACE observations over a period of 2 weeks show that kinematic orbits of CHAMP have an average 3D RMS about 0.41m comparing to reference orbits, while the average 3D RMS of GRACE is 0.45 m,the average RMS of the 3 axes component
(0.22,0.22,0.25) m are of CHAMP and (0.27,0.23,0.29) m of GRACE.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 57-61 [
Abstract
] (
2594
)
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3534
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62
APPROXIMATION MODEL WITH MOVING WINDOW IN PSEUDO-RANGE KINEMATICAL GPS POSITIONING
Li Bofeng ;Shen Yunzhong;and Zhou Zebo
On the basis of the motion law in pseudorange kinematic GPS positioning,three approximation models are discussed and a new approximation model named linear variation of distance among epochs is firstly proposed. The new model is tested and compared with the other two models by use of realtime GPS observations. The result indicates that the model of linear variation of distance is more reasonable than that of linear variation of coordinates, and the approximation model of quadratic curve is the most available for pseudorange kinematic positioning.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 62-66 [
Abstract
] (
1834
)
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(1132 KB) (
3142
)
67
IMPROVED METHOD FOR DETECTING AND REPAIRING CYCLESLIPS OF DUAL-FREQUENCY DATA WITH SINGLE P-CODE
Xu Rui;Huang Dingfa;Zhou Letao;and Li Chenggang
As is known, it is not an easy thing to capture the precise Pcode for most of the receivers and only the cross correlated Pcode could be derived. With such cross correlated PCode, the detecting and repairing capability of the traditional combinations, the (1,-1) and (-7,9), will be out of one cycle level. To resolve the problem, an improved method which takes the multipath effect of the pseudo range into account is proposed to upgrade the cycle slip repairing capability of the aforementioned combinations. The experiment shows that the new method can remove the epochwise multipath effect of the pseudo range and repaire successfully cycle slip
within one cycle level.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 67-71 [
Abstract
] (
1955
)
PDF
(1871 KB) (
3194
)
72
STUDIES ON COLLOCATIONPECE ALGORITHMAPPLIED TO ORBIT DETERMINATION OF LEO
Hong Ying Ou Jikun ;and Luo Xiaowen
In precise orbit determination, the PredictorEvaluationCorrectorEvaluation (PECE) algorithm has become the most popular one at present. A new kind of PECE algorithm can be constructed by using extrapolation and interpolation formula of Collocation method. This algorithm can solve a secondorder differential equation in two ways: one changes the secondorder differential equation into the
firstorder differential equation firstly, and then integrates this firstorder differential equation; the other is to integrate secondorder differential equation directly. The results of twobody problem and LEO perturbed orbit calculated with these two types of collocation method respectively show that the second type of Collocation method is more efficient than the first type of algorithm, the AdamsPECE algorithm and the common PECE algorithm in practice.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 72-76 [
Abstract
] (
1881
)
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(642 KB) (
3447
)
77
TWO METHODS FOR DOWNWARD CONTINUATION OF SEA SURFACE GRAVITY ANOMALIES
Guo Shusong;Zhang Zizhan;and Lu Yang
For solving the problems that downward continuation of the space gravity anomaly can not be used in
downward continuation of sea surface gravity anomaly,on the basis of Prey principle used to compute gravity in the surfacelayer of the earth, and with considering the density of sea water and sea bottom topography，two new methods are proposed. The experimental results
show that the new methods are valid and effective.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 77-81 [
Abstract
] (
1845
)
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(1650 KB) (
3505
)
82
GEOMETRIC AND PHYSICAL MEANING OF TIDAL TILT AND IT’S SHEAR STRAIN PROPERTY
Liu Xuyan ;and Hong Xing
The geometric meaning of mathematical expression which describes a line segment on ground surface before and after crustal deformation is analyzed, it is pointed out that translation, rotation and strain are three elements of combinational crustal deformation. For
distinguishing the tidal tilt belong to which one of three elements,
the geometric and physical meaning of tidal tilt are analyzed.On the basis of the analysis the observations of tilt earth tide on the eastewestern and northsouthern directions which can determine the amount and the direction of the generating tide force and the analysis on each component of tidal strain tensor,it is found that
there is mathematical relation between components of tidal tilt and shear strains related to radius of earth and thus tidal tilt possesses shear property.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 82-86 [
Abstract
] (
2377
)
PDF
(548 KB) (
3389
)
地震监测预报
87
ON EARTHQUAKE PRECURSOR SOURCE POSITIONING METHOD
Zhang Yan;Wu Yun ;and Shi Shunying
The same frequency earthquake precursor information recored by many stations before earthquake can be got with wavelet analysis. A new earthquake prediction method——procursor focus positioning method is formed by combing ball type theoretical source model. By
making the review examination to the seven strong earthquakes which occurred in Yunnan province since 1995, it is found that the results are affirmative.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 87-91 [
Abstract
] (
1937
)
PDF
(1797 KB) (
3918
)
92
ON BASIC STATE OF PRESENT-DAY CRUSTAL MOVEMENT DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE PREDICTABILITY
Zhou Shuoyu;Wu Yun;Shi Shunying;and Yao Yunsheng;
Applying selforganized theory of complex dynamics system, we have synthetically studied the observational results of presentday crustal movement from contemporary geodesy（GPS and earthquake crustal deformation）in recent 40 years.Because of “fixed point attractor”,“limit cycle attractor”,“tons attractor” and “strange attractor” dominating the dynamics system，presentday crustal movement presents the various dynamics states such as “stable state（dynamic balancing state）”, “period state”, “quasiperiod state”, “chaos state” and “edge of chaos”. The observation results show that not only plate，block，boundary zone，fault zone but also speed field，stress field all over present the accordance of presentday crustal movement in several years or tens scales with those in neotectonics of million year scales as a whole.After transient state process（earthquake, etc）having occurred，presentday crustal movement（
the changing process with time，the space distribution and the structure of spectrum）will return to “stable steady state（dynamic balancing state）” voluntarily.The observation results prove that the“fixed point attractor ” exists really and it keeps the crustal movement system at “stable steady state” （dynamic balancing state）， “selforganized stability”.
But Selforganized criticality( SOC) is a kind of weak chaos nature: “edge of chaos”（nonstable steady state），appearing only in the specific spacetime region in specific stage at self organization process of crustal movement.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 92-99 [
Abstract
] (
2382
)
PDF
(1170 KB) (
3591
)
100
ON CHARACTERISTICS OF DEFORMATION ANOMALIES AT TAIANSTATION BEFORE PUYANG ML4.6 EARTHQUAKE
Li Jie ;Li Xiliang ;Lu Shuangling ;Li Feng ;Wang Qiang ;and Li Huili
Some distinct shortterm precursory anomalies were found in the level pendulum and vertical pendulum tiltmeter observations at Taian seismostation before the M-L4.6 Puyang earthquake.
The earthquake took place when the anomalies reached the peak and their trend is in the opposite directions of the epicenter.
Because of the existence of many crossing faults between Taian station and Puyang epicentral region,the shortimpending anomaly from the tiltmeter
at Taian station may be the synthetic effect from the dange of large regional stress field and related faults’ movement，it is a“field” anomaly.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 100-104 [
Abstract
] (
2688
)
PDF
(1510 KB) (
3622
)
105
FURTHER DISCUSSION ON VIEW OF SEISMIC PRECURSOR FROM DOUBLE FORCE SOURCE
Lu Mingyong
At first, the environment of seismic precursor occurrence, the relations betwen subsurface fluid action or subsurface fluid force and seismic precursor are analysed. Besides the occurrence process of seismic precursor anormalies in shallow crust and deep crust is expanded and exampled. Lastly,a view of seismic precursor from ‘double force source’ is further discussed, the main points are as follows: seismic precursor is the result from the action of ‘double force source’, namely tectonic stress and the subsurface fluid force which each other growth and decline produce different dynamic figure and seismic precursor anomalies;the tectonic stress is primary and the subsurface fluid force is modulating on the process of earthquake development and seismic precursor occurrence that may be occured only when the subsurface fluid force mechanicaly couplling with the tectonic stress of earthquake preparation on its enhancement process may modulate and induce earthquake precursor and promote earthquake occurrence.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 105-111 [
Abstract
] (
2586
)
PDF
(708 KB) (
3216
)
112
ON TIME-VARYING FEATURES OF SEISMIC INHOMOGENEOUSDEGREE BEFORE STRONG EARTHQUAKE IN DIFFERENT TECTONIC ZONES OF EASTERN CHINA
Lu Peng ;Li Zhixiong;Wu Ting ;Zhao Xiaoyan ; and Liu Xueling
We analysed the results of the seismic inhomogeneous degree (GL value) before the 62 strong earthquakes of magnitudes more than 4.7 distributed in the Eastern China calculated by the regionally small earthquake catalogues based on the result of China active block dividing. The results show that there are obviously abnormal variations of the seismic inhomogeneous degree appeared one to three years before most of the events, and the middle and small seismicity around the epicenter of strong earthquake obviously changes from homogencity to inhomogencity in time distribution before some strong earthquakes. The appearing time and ending time of the state variation before strong earthquakes are related to the tectonic location of the earthquake. The variation of the regionally seismicity state may be the middleterm or shortterm behavior of the stress change around the earthquake source.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 112-118 [
Abstract
] (
2469
)
PDF
(1759 KB) (
2951
)
119
DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF QC VALUE OF CODA WAVE IN HANDANXINGTAI AREA
Zhang Xiaotao;Han Liping;Zhang Shuangfeng;Yan Jungang;Ma Guangqing;and Wang Jing
By use of the near shock waveform data from
Hongshan digital seismostation and Handan digital seismological network from March, 2001 to July, 2006,
QC values with different window length of coda waves 20 s,30 s, 40 s
in HandanXingtai region are calculated with Sato singlescattering attenuation model, the average QC results in different time windows is 35.8 f
0.95
,46.0 f
0.94
,59.4 f
0.93
respectively.
In the studied area ,Q0 value affected by tectonic factors shows obviously lateral heterogeneity,generally,Q0 value is lower, η value is higher, QC value strongly depends on the frequency and decreases rapidly with the frequency’s in creasing.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 119-123 [
Abstract
] (
2422
)
PDF
(1138 KB) (
3447
)
观测技术
124
ORIENTATION FOR SEISMOMETER WITH COHERENCE ANALYSING METHOD
Lu Yongqing;Cai Yaxian;and Cheng Junling
Orientation is very important for a seismometer, whether it is installed on surface or in borehole. Orientation relying on magnitism must have error if there is ferromagnetism around the seismometer. The method of coherence analysing by use of ground pulsation and event data by two seismometers is presented to develop the calculation model and operation method for seismeter’s orientation.
2007 Vol. 27 (4): 124-127 [
Abstract
] (
1883
)
PDF
(1317 KB) (
3220
)
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