Abstract Earth science has entered a new era. A new branch of science-earthquake geodesy, has been preliminarily formed after fifty years of exploration, with the development of modern geodesy such as space technology integrated with the theory of seismology, geology, rock mechanics and complex dynamical system. Basic progress and questions are discussed from the perspective of scientific thought and practical effect. The precise multi-scale time-spacial monitoring system is set up to explore the new field of continental dynamics, and to get the unknown natural phenomenon. It is revealed that crustal deformation system in China mainland is a self-organizing dynamical system, earthquake is a transient behavior of self-adjusting for keeping long-term stability in the process of evolution.Earthquake has a predictable nature,but it is difficult to achieve fully deterministic prediction. It is possible to predict some of the earthquakes at present, although the long-term exploration is required.Some new ways, new models, new measures and new methods, advancing the innovation and getting out of difficulties for eurthquake prediction, are suggested on the basis of innovative scientific thinking.