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17 August 2011, Volume 31 Issue 增1
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. 2011, 31(增1): 1-5.Through the analysis of the characteristics of coseisemic changes of water level and water temperature in five observation wells in Hubei to Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake and Japan Ms9.0 earthquake, it can be seen that there are not particular pattern of water level and water temperature in Hubei’s wells responding to earthquake.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 6-9.The deformation characteristic changes of the crustal tilt surface in Longmenshan fault zone before Wenchuan \%M\%s8.0 earthquake is discussed.The analysis shows that before the earthquake in the horizontal deformation change tilt surface there appeared the compresional characteristics from the two sides to central part of the fault zone and
in the vertical deformation change of the Houshan fault which is on the northwest side of the Longmenshan fault was continuously lifting and the Qianshan fault on the southeast side of the Longmenshan fault subsiding.The Wenchuan area near the seismic focus presented evidently
accelerative and inccreasing of the vertical and horizontal deformation characteristics from late 2005 to 2006. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 10-12.By use of the classical method through the analysis of the observations before the Hejin 4.8 earthquake at the deformation stations around the epicenter,we discovered that there occured many mediumshortimpending anomalies,they constitued the majority in the most of monitoring terms.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 13-18.On the basis of collection of field earthquake
records in mining area and the neighboring regions, we carried out a series of comprehensive researches such as the accurate location of the epicenter, spectral analysis and focal mechanism solution. We concludes that there is a close correlation between earthquake in mining area and mining activities,and seismogenic pattern belongs to mininginduced earthquakes, or we can simply call them mine earthquakes. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 19-23.The longterm data observed with horizontal pendulum tiltmeter and vertical pendulum tiltmeter in Taian station were analysed. A certain abnormal precursor abnormal phenomenon before Wenchuan Earthquake is discovered by the analysis of M2 wave tide factor variation and the precessional trace of the vector graph of the tiltmeter.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 24-27.Before the Xinzhou Wuzai 4.2 earthqauke on March 7,2011,the record curves of the digital cave tiltmeters at the Linfen station which is of 326.8 km away from the epicenter had abrupt change,step change and dithers.In which the shortimpending anomaly of SSQ2I quartz pendulum,broadband tiltmeters VP1,VP2 were more evident.Through the analysis of these anomalies we can see that these tiltmeters above mentinaed all have good performance reflecting nearfield earthquake that when the tidal factor of quartz pendulum in NS direction is over 0.79,in EW over 0.39,there may oceur earthquake of over \%M\%7.0 in China,or \%M\%4.0 in Shanxi area.By the way,the reflecting performance to nearfield earthquake of the broadband tiltmeter are better than that of quartz tiltmeter.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 28-32.Using the data of fault and terrain, seismic velocity structure and rarious rheological parameters of North China, to build a crustal dynamic parameters library and
build a 3D finite element numerical simulation model of this region based on the library.
Different from other models, an attribute is set for every element, so that the variation of attribute is continuous. By using the interpolated GPS data as displacement boundary conditions, the calculated displacement field is similar to the observational displacement field. This model has great significance for crustal dynamics study, for example, the research on the stress and strain fields of spatiotemporal evolution in North China, the characteristics of strong earthquakes activities, and the analysis of stress field after strong earthquakes and so on. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 33-37.268 pieces of digital oscillograms of 32 seismic events of form ML2.6 to ML4.9 recorded at 20 seismologic stations located on Ningxia region and its adjacent areas occurred from May, 2009 to Oct., 2010 were studied and the relation of inelastic attenuation %Q value with media frequency in the crust of this area, the site responses of 20 stations were calculated with the genetic algorithm. The results indicate that the frequencydependent relation of inelastic attenuation value Q in the studied area is estimated as: Q(f)=337.67f 0.455 4. The Q value is close to the regional result in Shanxi and Zhejiang.
It probably indicate that the geological tectonic activity is in a normal level. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 38-42.Through analysis and research on the telluric electric field data around the Yushu earthquake, the anomalous characteristics of the telluric electric field vector are extracted by the use of time series and spatial dynamic evolution of the telluric electric field vector azimuth and amplitude, in which some variation caused by the solar activity, such as radiation, particle wind and so on and the highfrequency abrupt disturbances are eliminated. We preliminarily studied the characteristics of the anomalous variation of telluric electric field prior to this quake and obtained folowing knowledges:
the anomalous vector amplitude appeared 4-35 days before Yushu earthquake in Chengdu, Tianshui, Lhasa, Hanwang, Dulan, Ganzi seismic stations, and their occurrence time as well synchronistical. The abrupt anomaly synchronously occurred at five seismic stations 7±3 days before the earthquake, the amplitude range is 15-400 mv/km. The temporal and spatial anomaly appeared before the earthquake, and show that the anomalies come from the hypocenter. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 43-45.
Using the gravity data recorded by the SG-C053 super conducting gravimeter during the Ms8.8 Chile earthquake break out in 2010,1,27, we succeed in detecting the Earth’s free oscilation from 0S0 to 0S48. In addition ,we observed the spectra splitting of the 0S2,0S3 and
0S4. Compared with the PREM model, the observed period of 0S0-0S48 coincides with PREM model.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 46-50.Utilizing the gravity data of the gPhone gravimeters(at Beijing, Shenyang, Golamd， Wushi stations) during the Ms9.0 Japan earthquake that broke out in 2011-03-11, we succeed in detecting the Earth’s free oscillations from 0S0 to 0S48, in addition, we observed the spectra splitting of the 0S2,0S3. Compared with the HB1 model, the observed period of \-0S0-0S48 coincide with the results from super conducting gravimeter and the HB1 model. Thus it is confirmed that the gPhone gravimeter can effectively detect the Earth’s free oscillations, and to a certain extent, that the sample data by second are reliable.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 51-56.Silent/slow earthquakes are a form of crustal energy release, it is possible to eliminate the fracture of an earthquake fault but it is said that silent/slow earthquakes may also be the trigger of a normal earthquake because the stress transfer.Some scholars believe that the silent/slow earthquakes are not the fault latch area, little relationship between the two.Despite the divergence of viewpoint about the risk of silent/slow earthquake,there is a same view that the silent earthquake rupture process of slow earthquakes are an part of the earthquake nucleation and may play an important role and silent/slow earthquakes may reveal more movement forms of plate boundary. Currently, about the physical mechanism of the earthquake there is a big controversy yet, some scholars believe that the
occurence of slow earthquakes is due to the dehydration of mineral water immersion or the invasion of fluid leading to changes in pore pressure,in the same time, some scholars think that under the same pore pressure according friction law only by numerical simulation
the silent/slow earthquake phenomenon can also be observed,and some scholars believe that the silent/slow earthquakes are mainly distributed in a certain distance from the subduction zone seismic reflectors, rather than place from the subduction zone near the interface in a narrow area. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 57-58.Dynamic water level of Wuliying well, has near 50 cm fluctuation every day at Yanqing Seismostation,Beijing from July 3, 2010 and also the great fluctuation simultaneously in observation of Gasradon and Gasmercury.
Through the analysis of total system, the anomaly was caused by the suffocation of discharge pipe top. Therefore, we adopted the similar principle of heating bleedoff wind and opened the mouth in discharge pipe top. Thus we solved the disturbance successfully to ensure the observation data quality. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 59-63.Tilt tide measurement data with digital water tube is collected at Hubei Shiyan seismostation from 2007-2010.The results of data analysis indicate that the tilt tide observation for 3 years werecontinuous and reliable，the instrument works normally and stably which has small annual zero drift and change amplitude and so it is with the low noise level. The overall quality nearly reach the international level in terms of data accuracy，continuity and applicability,though the data had been affected by the local station cave excavates in March,2009, which
were highfrequency vibration and the shorttime drift. The earth tide returned soon to regular level very approximately and this shorttime Anomaly had been not believed firmly as an earthquake precusor. In the same time，it is revealed that in the tilt components evident signal occurs together with significant perturbations of load/unloadresponseratio(LURR) of earth tide before the Wenchuan \%M\%8.0 earthquakes． -
. 2011, 31(增1): 64-67.Pointing to the observation data of the Guizhou well and combined with the local hydrogeologic essentials,the normal law of dynamic change of the fluid in the well and the anomalous change and the characteristics of impoundment effect are studied by the typical earthquake case.In the same time,the effect of the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir on the observation environment of the Guizhou well and the cause of abnormal temperature change in the well are explored as well.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 68-71.The task for selection and construction of Yingshan digital seismostation comes from sub-programs of Hubei Provincial earthquake background field exploration project, which is one of newlybuilt unattended digital seismic stations in Hubei province during the Eleventh FiveYear period. By analyzing and calculating the background noise of Yingshan digital seismostation，we got the rootmeansquare (RMS) value of the ground pulsation speed，the dynamic range of observation and the power spectrum of the noise signal about the background noise of station. The result shows that the background noise level of the station satisfy basically the normative requirement of the digital seismic observation technique.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 72-76.A new method for calculating strains based on side length changes is proposed.By use of this method the strains distribution of Chinese mainland in the period of 1999 to 2001 are calculated. The results show that the analysis of the continuous deformation in the largescale and dense GPS velocity field can reveal not only the integral tectonic characters of Chinese mainland but also the tectonic deformation which have a mutation in the SouthNorth Seismic Belt and is stronger in the west than in the east and stronger in the south than in the north.The largest strain rates are found in the areas as Kunlun block,Xianshuihe fault zone and central Yunnan,and the variation of velocity is very rapid,and extensive strain is found in the eastern part of Tianshan.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 77-80.The carrier phase ambiguity of GPS fast static positioning technique is studied, and the comparative analysis of LAMBDA and the improved realcoded genetic algorithm is made.The computation results show that the two algorithms have similar performance.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 81-84.From the CHAMP GPS phase data, Bernese5.0 is used with the zerodifference reduceddynamic methods to compute CHAMP satellite orbits. The RMS difference in X,Y,Z directions between the reduced-dynamic orbits and the GFZ rapid science orbits are 0.061 m,0.060 m,0.066 m, respectively. In general, the accuracy of the computed orbits is at the centimeter level.
On the basis of the SLR residuals analysis, which are computed as the differences between the SLR measurements minus the corresponding distances between the SLR station and the GPSderived orbit positions,the accuracy of orbits is better than 20 centimeter level. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 85-89.At present, the application of GPS in geoscience researchs mainly with the aid of the final ephemeris released by IGS, which is calculated from 140 global distribution stations and the accuracy is better than 5 cm. These stations mainly distribute in Europe and America, less than two are in China, so the orbit is not optimal for us. Along with that the China’s Crust Movement Observation Network (CMONOC) sets up and run, continuous tracking station can widely cover China in regional, and provide conditions for orbit determination. We use the global nets and regional nets for respectively orbit determination, then integrate them and studies the improvement of local orbit. This is of important significance for produce our satellite ephemeris by use of more regional stations.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 90-93.Phase unwrapping is the key step in topographic elevation mapping and reconstruction of threedimensional terrain model by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). Considering the problem that the existing weighted and unweighted leastsquares phase unwrapping results need smoothing, an improved algorithm using phase derivative variance map based on the principle of Leastsquares phase unwrapping is proposed . With the real InSAR data, by comparison of the improved algorithm with the existing weighted and unweighted leastsquares algorithm, it is verified that the proposed algorithm can effectively deal with the situation that there are too many residues and can get a higher accurate and reliable phase unwrapping results.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 94-97.The TEQC software and its data quality checking module are described.By use of the TEQC quality checking module to analyze the quality of the continuous observation data of GPS network in Hubei Province,it is shown that all the indicators meet the requirements of “Technical Regulation for Crustal Movement Observation of China” .
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. 2011, 31(增1): 98-101.By outlining the spacetime theory in Newtonian mechanics and Einstein’s Relativity, it is pointed out that the crustal movement is a kind of macrophenomenon of low speed. Thus adopting the Newtonian mechanics to describe position of a crustal particle as well as how it is changed by external forces along with the time are absolutely feasible, and a reference frame without any motion of acceleration is pretty necessary for depicting a crustal movement in a right way by using the Newton Laws. That is, a reference frame in accordance with the Newton inertia Law is one of the physical foundation of coordinate system for the purpose of crustal motion analysis. Considering that different coordinates have their own metric tensors in the respective virtual space on reference surface, they also have different sets of intrinsic geometric properties .Finally, a discussion on the spatial natures of the Cartesian, plane and spherical coordinate systems is made.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 102-105.Taking a tunnel of Hurong west high way as an example, a method using TSP203 to make a advanced forecast
is introduced, and the relation between the geologcal condition and the stability of the tunnel is analysed. The field test,the procedure and method of the interpratation is also introduced. -
APPLICATION OF SELF-BALANCE PILE-TESTING METHOD IN PILE FOUNDATION ENGINEERING OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING. 2011, 31(增1): 106-109.Selfbalance as a kind of testing method is mainly provided by its own force to test the end bearing force and shaft resistance. The basic principles of selfbalance combined with a pile test in a district of Wuhan city is introduced. The results showed that the project can achieve good results.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 110-113.The high cutting slopes are widely distributed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. High precision deformation monitoring is important for the high cutting slope geological hazards monitoring and early-warning. Taking Wanzhou area for example, the application of GPS and TPS to the high cutting slope monitoring is introduced. The monitoring network is composed of the first class reference station network, the working reference network and deformation monitoring network. Monitoring data analysis results indicate that the methods discussed are suitable for the deformation monitoring of high cutting slopes, and achieve the desired monitoring accuracy.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 114-117.The theories and methods by using GPS technology for longdistance gas pipeline geological hazards monitoring were studied，the landslide surface deformation, and the deformation of landslide body was primarily analyzed with combination of cracks and precipitation monitoring as well. The results show that GPS technology can be used to monitor landslides which have the potentiality of geological hazards，the analysis of the slip condition for the project provides scientific basis for predisaster management administration.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 118-121.On the basis of the interfaces of Google Maps API, the comprehensive earthquake information system is built with Oracle database managerment, AJAX and JacaScript techonology. The results show that the developed method is comprehensive and fast,easy to use, and the following problems, such as expensive GIS data and hard system maintenance are solved with the system. It is a good platform for understanding the earthquake situation to the user.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 122-126.A mixedprogramming method with VB and Matlab based on the COM object model is introduced, performing how to use the method in programming for crustal deformation processing software and how to transfer data each other between VB and Matlab. The integrated software not only takes full advantages of VB and Matlab, but also runs independently without Matlab platform.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 127-131.It is a hot spots of the study of population distribution used by grid cells. The advantages and disadvantages of the land use classification model and the gravity model are compared and analysed，then these two models with Wuhan population data are coupled. The results indicate that the new coupled model improves computing accuracy effectively.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 132-137.The Smart Thread Pool technology is used to respectively achieve seismic precursor data acquisition in parallel and entering warehouse with multiple target by two Thread Pool, and automaticly achieve data detection and collection within 15 days, the quantity of equipments for data gathering originally from several pieces,over 10 machines or over thousands of equipments.Therefore this technique can increase efficiency for seismic precursor data gathering greatly.At the same time,by entering warehouse with multiple target, the synchronous speed enhanced greatly from seismic station to regional center or China Earthquake Networks Center.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 138-141.Seismic data processing system is an important part of earthquake early warning system for highspeed railway.This paper presents the use of Qt development libraries and Qwt library in the design of seismic data processing system.This design is based on objectoriented thinking,easier to program and convenient for maintaining and has better hardware compatibility and portability.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 142-145.The realization of the design and construction of the geodetic deformation database in the west of China are introduced.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 146-148.The analysis methods of network data stream are introduced, in which the most important part is the data stream mining technology. It has of extensive practical background and application value to research this technology .
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. 2011, 31(增1): 149-151.Through theoretical calculation,it is found that within the deep bedrock of one meter deep, daily temperature fluctuations is only one percent of daily temperature fluctuations of air in cave.A meter long unicom tube tiltmeter is coupled with the selfstressing cement in the deep bedrock of one meter in the cave,the stability and high frequency performance of the volume strain meter in tunnel can be improved.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 152-154.This paper presents a multicore cable test device based on the time domain reflectometry(TDR). A microcontroller of C8051F005 is used for controling CPLD to send pulse signal to the cable. With this design and dual joint measurement mode, the faults of cable shorted, mixed and the position of borken wires can be quickly detected and the presion of fault fixedpoint position can be within 5 m.
Because of the low cost and convenient operation,the design will have good application prospects. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 155-156.The design of violent vibration record terminal is proposed. The acceleration is detected by MEMS accelerometer and transformed into digital signal by A/D module. The data are transmitted to remote data center by GPRS in DTU module. This design has the characteristics of small size, easy to install and free of maintenance.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 157-160.An actual refrigeration control system had been developed according to the application requirement.
This system uses temperature measurement, PID control and PWM pulse width modulation technology to achieve the target of the cooling treatment,it is applicable. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 161-164.There is an actual need for designing a new well temperature measuring instrument which is based on
feeling thermometry principle and realization of digital technology for well temperature measurement and data processing on site. This temperature measuring instrument combines with well temperature measurement methods, thus it is more reliable than the common well temperature measurement. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 165-167.A new kind of instrument for weather measurement is designed and its main technical index and function are reported. The selection of working principle of electric circuit of sensor, software design and test results are analysed. The precision is compared with that
of Vaisala PTU300,they are consistent with each other.By using high accuracy HD9008TR temperature and humidity sensors, MS5534C air pressure sensors, and advanced electronic circuitry design, the instrument’s characteristics is of high accuracy, stability, expansibility, high ratio of performance to price, to satisfy the conventional requirement of weather detecting department. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 168-170.The digital seismometer based on MEMS acceleration sensor is of low cost and small volume.
A design of seismometer based on MEMS acceleration sensor to accomplish sample，trigger judgment and storage of the earthquake acceleration data,is proposed and realized. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 171-173.On the basis of the study on the operational principle and structure of force balance accelerometer, a portable testing device of force balance accelerometer was designed. The device meets the industry standard(DB/T 10-2001) of digital strong motion accelerometer, and a practical experiment has confirmed the feasibility of the testing device.
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. 2011, 31(增1): 174-177.By using high precision time measurement chip TDCGPX combined with the largescale digital integrated design chip—FPGA to improve the time measurement accuracy of satellite laser ranging,
thus the total measurement accuracy of satellite laser ranging can be improved as well. -
. 2011, 31(增1): 178-181.The typical troubles of the VS vertical pendulum tiltmeter working at seismostations are analyzed and the maintenance method are given.
