选取中国沿海海洋站中与验潮室并址的22个GNSS基准站近9 a的观测资料，利用最大似然估计法分析各站时间序列的噪声特性，建立最优噪声模型；然后顾及有色噪声，利用最优噪声模型估计测站速度，并与纯白噪声模型和GLOBK获取的速度及误差进行对比分析。结果表明：1）沿海海洋站的GNSS时间序列均含有有色噪声，各分量的噪声特性不完全一致，E方向和U分量均以白噪声+闪烁噪声为主，N分量以白噪声+闪烁噪声和白噪声+一阶马尔科夫噪声+随机漫步噪声为主。2）全国沿海3个海区N、E分量的白噪声和闪烁噪声基本呈现越往南噪声越大的规律，南海海区U分量的白噪声和闪烁噪声最大。3）顾及有色噪声的速度中误差是仅考虑白噪声和GLOBK估计的速度中误差估计值的5～10倍，这种差异比内陆观测站的要大。4）在对海洋站GNSS时间序列进行速度分析时，为获取正确的速度值，应该先准确判断噪声的类型，再顾及有色噪声的影响估计测站速度。"/>
Establishment and Analysis of GNSS Coordinate Time Series Noise Model for Coastal Tide Stations in China" />
Based on the GNSS coordinate time series of nearly 9 years of 22 tide stations in China’s coastal areas, we use the maximum likelihood estimation method to analyze the noise characteristics and establish the optimal noise model for each station. Finally, we estimate station speed by considering the colored noise.Compared with the speed and error estimated by considering pure white noise model and GLOBK result, the results show: 1)All of the GNSS time series of coastal tide stations contain colored noise. The east and vertical coordinate mainly includes white noise+flicker noise,and the north coordinate mainly includes white noise+flicker noise and white noise+first-order Markov noise+ random walk noise.2)The values of white noise and flicker noise in the north and east coordinates of the three coastal areas show the law that the noise is more southward, the values of white noise and flicker noise of the vertical coordinates in south China sea are the largest.3)The speed error that considers colored noise is 5 to 10 times greater than considering only white noise and GLOBK result.4)When estimating the speed of the GNSS of tide station,the noise type should be judged first,and the color noise should be considered to estimate the speed."/>
中国沿海海洋站GNSS坐标时间序列噪声模型的建立与分析
Abstract： Based on the GNSS coordinate time series of nearly 9 years of 22 tide stations in China’s coastal areas, we use the maximum likelihood estimation method to analyze the noise characteristics and establish the optimal noise model for each station. Finally, we estimate station speed by considering the colored noise.Compared with the speed and error estimated by considering pure white noise model and GLOBK result, the results show: 1)All of the GNSS time series of coastal tide stations contain colored noise. The east and vertical coordinate mainly includes white noise+flicker noise,and the north coordinate mainly includes white noise+flicker noise and white noise+first-order Markov noise+ random walk noise.2)The values of white noise and flicker noise in the north and east coordinates of the three coastal areas show the law that the noise is more southward, the values of white noise and flicker noise of the vertical coordinates in south China sea are the largest.3)The speed error that considers colored noise is 5 to 10 times greater than considering only white noise and GLOBK result.4)When estimating the speed of the GNSS of tide station,the noise type should be judged first,and the color noise should be considered to estimate the speed.
