Abstract:Based on DE405, DE421, DE430 and DE440, we calculate the position of major planets under the geocentric celestial reference system(GCRS) and the barycentric celestial reference system(BCRS). We then compare the position accuracy of other ephemerides relative to DE440. We discuss the position and velocity accuracy of the Moon under GCRS based on different ephemerides, and analyze the effects on the conversion from lunar centered inertial system to the lunar fixed system and give some advice on application. The results show that due to observation data and other factors, the position accuracy of the major planets varies greatly, ranging from the metre level to the 106 m level. As for the position accuracy, DE421 and DE430 have an improvement of 1-2 orders of magnitude when compared to DE405, and DE430 improves 50% over DE421. The accuracy of lunar position and velocity relative to the center of Earth are 7 m and 0.02 mm/s for DE405, 1.5 m and 0.004 mm/s for DE421, 1.3 m and 0.003 5 mm/s for DE430. For the coordinate and velocity errors on the conversion from lunar centered inertial system to the lunar fixed system, the DE405 is 30 m and 3 cm/s, the DE421 is 1.3 m and 1.2 mm/s, and the DE430 is 1 m and 0.9 mm/s. The influence of ephemeris on the conversion of reference system is meter level and we recommend using DE430 or DE440 for lunar probe navigation and other lunar missions.