Abstract:Effected by parameter value, the accuracy of the finite element method in simulation of tunnel excavation will be reduced. The BP neural network and numerical simulation method are used to analyze the mechanics parameters of tunnel surrounding rock. The study shows that, comparing measured and simulated values, the reliability of the inversion parameters is proved, the maximum minimum principal stress and the change of the displacement of the tunnel are obtained, and the corresponding value of the settlement of the vault is calculated by the strength reduction method, and the self-stability coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is obtained by the discrete point fitting, and the tunnel circumference is analyzed.