Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics

A K-Means-Based Least Squares Collocation Method and Its Application in High-Precision Fitting and Estimation of Large-Scale Crustal Velocity Fields

Cheng WANG, Wei QU, Jiuyuan LI, Xingyou TANG, Guangyao WANG, Kai YANG

Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025, 45(12): 1294-1303. DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.11.525

Fig. 9 Variations of total residuals of fitting points and check points of 100 times clustering methodafter repeating the experiment 50 times

Other figure/table from this article

Fig. 1 Flow chart of KLSC algorithm
Fig. 2 GNSS crustal movement observation velocity field in the Qinghai-Xizang plateau region
Tab. 1 Characteristics of the original data
Fig. 3 Relationship between the number of clusters and each clustering index before and after normalization of original data
Fig. 4 Velocity field clustering results based on KLSC algorithm
Fig. 5 Indexes distribution of 100 times clustering method
Fig. 6 Observed, simulated and residual velocityfields based on TLSC and KLSC algorithms
Tab. 2 The RMSE and correlation coefficient of fitted points and check points based onTLSC and KLSC algorithms
Fig. 7 Comparison of RMSE of fitted points andcheck points of TLSC and KLSC algorithms
Fig. 8 Residuals distribution and frequency distribution histograms of TLSC and KLSC algorithms
Tab. 3 The t-test results of the residuals of fitting points and check points based on TLSC and KLSC algorithms
Fig. 10 The crustal continuous velocity field interpolated at intervals of 1° based on the TLSC algorithm
Fig. 11 The crustal continuous velocity field interpolated at intervals of 1° based on the KLSC algorithm
Tab. 4 Indices of each filtering results
Fig. 12 The crustal continuous velocity field components interpolated at intervals of 1° based on KLSC algorithm